Multi-section support rail apparatus and method of making

ABSTRACT

A multi-section support rail has a first section with an outer circumferential wall, a parallel inner circumferential wall and a transverse web extending longitudinally therealong, a second section hollow tubular section with an outer circumferential wall and a parallel inner circumferential wall. The outer circumferential walls are substantially identical dimensionally. The sections are joined at mating surfaces,. The joined sections are pre-bent at the second section and then hydroformed to a final desired shape. The transverse web retains the extruded dimensions throughout the hydroforming process.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] This invention relates to multi-section support rails and moreparticularly to multi-section support rails used in automotive vehicles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Multi-section support rails are used in many components of anautomobile body structure and chassis frame. The underbody rails areoften termed frame rails that generally have a front and rear portion.The front portion usually has two sections. One section is designed toprovide crush energy management and the other section is crushresistance. The frame rails employed today are composed of two differentcross-sectional configurations. The crush energy management section islarger in area with a thinner wall thickness. This section may have aplurality of dimples or indentations that encourage crush initiation atpredetermined locations along the length of the section. The firstsection includes an end profile that will accept slight overlapping ofthe second section so that joining of the two sections is possible.

[0003] The second section is designed to be stiffer and is usuallysmaller than the first section for various vehicle package constraints.The second section includes an end profile that will fit within the endprofile of the first section. Thus the current multi-section frame railshave some redundant material that is required for the overlapping whichpermits joining of the two sections. The sections are generally joinedby bonding, welding and/or mechanical fasteners. The longitudinalconfiguration of the two sections is completed prior to the joiningoperation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present invention seeks to overcome the disadvantages of theprior art multi-section support rails. To this end it is an object ofthe present invention to provide an improved multi-section support railstructure configuration which may be applicable to all regions of avehicle body structure.

[0005] In one aspect of the present invention, a multi-section supportrail with two sections is provided. In another aspect of the presentinvention, a first of the sections is crush compliant and the second ofthe sections is crush resistant. In another aspect of the presentinvention, the two sections have substantially identical end matingcross-sectional outlines and wall thickness. In yet another aspect ofthe present invention, the two sections are in longitudinal alignmentwhile being joined at the mating surface. In still another aspect of thepresent invention, the crush compliant section has a cross-sectionalstructure with a centrally disposed transverse web extendingsubstantially for the entire length thereof.

[0006] In still another aspect of the present invention, the crushresistant section is pre-bent, after joining, to the desiredlongitudinal configuration. In yet still another aspect of the presentinvention, the joined sections are hydroformed to the finalconfiguration. In a further aspect of the present invention, the crushresistant section has indentations formed along the length thereofduring hydroforming to provide clearance with adjacent components duringvehicle assembly. In a yet further aspect of the present invention, thesections are formed by separate extruding processes prior to joining. Ina still further aspect of the present invention, the crush resistantsection is extruded with a hollow cross-sectional structure with supportflanges extending from the outer surface thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007]FIG. 1 is an elevational view of two extruded sections joinedtogether.

[0008]FIG. 2 is a view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1.

[0009]FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 1.

[0010]FIG. 4 is a top view of the multi-section support railincorporating the present invention after pre-bending and hydroforming.

[0011]FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the multi-section support railincorporating the present invention after pre-bending and hydroforming.

[0012]FIG. 6 is a view taken along line 6-6 in FIG. 5.

[0013]FIG. 7 is a view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 5.

[0014]FIG. 8 is a view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 5.

[0015]FIG. 9 is a view taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 5.

[0016]FIG. 10 is a view taken along line 10-10 in FIG. 5.

[0017]FIG. 11 is an alternative structure for one end of themulti-section support rail.

[0018]FIG. 12 is an end view of the alternative structure of FIG. 11.

DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT

[0019] Referring to the drawings wherein like characters represent thesame or corresponding parts throughout the several views there is seenin FIG. 1 a pair of extruded sections 20 and 22. The section 20 has anend surface 24A, FIG. 2, that defines a cross-sectional outline 26 and across-sectional structure 28. The outline 26 is defined by the outercircumferential wall of the end surface 24A. The structure 28 is definedby a wall thickness 30 (between the outer and inner circumferentialwalls) and a transverse centrally located web 32.

[0020] The section 22 has an end surface 34A, FIG. 3, that defines across-sectional outline 36 and a cross-sectional structure 38. Thecross-sectional outline 36 is defined by the outer circumferential wallof the end surface 34A. The cross-sectional structure 38 is defined by awall thickness 40 (between the outer and inner circumferential wall) anda flange 42. The cross-sectional outline 36, by definition, does notinclude the flange 42. The cross-sectional outlines 26 and 36 have thesame outside dimensions, however, the cross-sectional outline 36 mayhave a slightly greater wall thickness 40 than the wall thickness 30 ofthe cross-sectional outline 26. In one example, the wall thickness 40 is5.00 mm while the wall thickness 30 is 3.00 mm and the thickness of theweb 32 is 3.00 mm.

[0021] The cross-sectional structure 28 is shown as two substantiallytrapezoidal elements 44 and 46 with the web 32 as the base. Thecross-sectional structure 38 is shown as two substantially trapezoidalelements 48 and 50 joined at a centerline 52 which represents the base.The outline 26 is substantially equal to or congruent with the outline36 such that when the extruded sections 20 and 22 are placed inabutment, a continuous circumferential surface, except for the flange42, is presented.

[0022] The web 32 extends the length of the section 20 from end 24A toend 24B. The flange 42 extends longitudinally along the section 22.While shown as extending from end 34A to end 34B, the flange can beginat a point spaced from either or both ends 34A, 34B. The section 20 isdesigned to provide crush compliance. The section 20 will collapse underthe application of external forces in a controlled manned. The section22 is designed to be crush resistant such that a much greater externalforce is required to cause the section 22 to undergo a significantchange of shape.

[0023] As set forth above, the sections 20 and 22 are joined or bonded,by welding or other suitable process, to form a continuous single railblank 50 as shown in FIG. 1. Following the joining, the section 22 ofthe rail blank 50 is pre-bent to a shape consistent with that shown inFIGS. 4 and 5. After the rail blank 50 is pre-bent to the desired shape,the rail blank 50 is then hydroformed to the finished shape of a rail52, shown in FIGS. 4 through 10.

[0024] As best seen in FIG. 6, the cross-sectional structure 28 and thecross-sectional outline 26 are expanded to a more rectangular shape.During this expansion, the web 32 remains substantially the same length,width, and thickness. The cross-sectional structure 38 andcross-sectional outline 36 of the section 22 undergo changes from end34A to end 34B. As seen in FIGS. 9 and 10, the final shape isessentially rectangular.

[0025] As seen in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cross-sectional structure 38 hasbeen changed to include indentations 54 and 56. These changes in shapeprovide clearance for other components of the vehicle frame. The flange42 is trimmed to a specific location 42A as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 9.

[0026] While the flange 42 could be attached after the final shape isachieved, it is considered to be better practice to extrude the flangewith the section 22 and then trim the excess material. This permits theflange 42 to be positioned where needed for each environment without theneed for additional bonding or joining processes which would requireadditional fixturing for each specific application.

[0027] An alternate embodiment of the section 22 is shown in FIGS. 11and 12. The section 22A has an end portion 58 that is expanded outwardlyto establish a receptacle portion 60 that is adapted to receiveadditional components for the multi-section support rail structure 50.The expansion of the end portion 58 can occur before, after, or duringthe hydroforming process.

[0028] The multi-section support rail 52 is manufactured with thefollowing steps:

[0029] 1. Extruding a first length with substantially parallel outermost and inner most circumferential walls, a central transverse web, andan end mating surface;

[0030] 2. Extruding a second tubular length with substantially parallelouter most and inner most circumferential walls, a flange portionextending outward from the outer most circumferential wall, and an endmating surface, the outer most circumferential wall being congruent withthe outer most circumferential wall of said first length;

[0031] 3. Joining said first and second lengths at the respective endmating surfaces;

[0032] 4. Pre-bending the second length at a location longitudinallyspaced from the joined mating surfaces to an approximate final shape;

[0033] 5. Hydroforming the approximate final shape to a final shape.

[0034] Following or proceeding the hydroforming step, the flange may betrimmed to a specific location on the outer perimeter of the outer mostcircumferential wall of the second section.

1. A multi-section support rail apparatus comprising: a first sectionhaving a first mating surface including a first cross-sectional outlineand a first cross-sectional structure having a transverse web member; asecond section having a second mating surface including a secondcross-sectional outline and a second cross-sectional structure, saidsecond cross-sectional outline being substantially identical with saidfirst cross-sectional outline; said first and second sections beingjoined at said first and second mating surfaces to form themulti-section support rail wherein a continuous perimeter outline isprovided at the joining of said first and second mating surfaces; saidsecond section having a bent portion displaced from longitudinalalignment from said mating surfaces and a plurality of hydroformedindentations displacing said second cross-sectional outline at locationslongitudinally spaced from said mating surfaces.
 2. The multi-sectionsupport rail apparatus defined in claim 1 further comprising: saidsecond cross-sectional structure consisting of substantially parallelinner and outer walls only, said outer wall defining saidcross-sectional outline; and a flange portion extending outward fromsaid second cross-sectional outline and extending longitudinally alongsaid second cross-sectional outline.
 3. The multi-section support railapparatus defined in claim 1 further comprising: said second sectionhaving a second end longitudinally spaced from said second matingsurface, said second end having inner and outer circumferential wallsexpanded outwardly to provide connecting means on said second section.4. A method of manufacturing a multi-section support rail apparatuscomprising the steps of: a. extruding a first length with substantiallyparallel outer most and inner most circumferential walls, a centraltransverse web, and an end mating surface; b. extruding a second tubularlength with substantially parallel outer most and inner mostcircumferential walls, a flange portion extending outward from the outermost circumferential wall, and an end mating surface, the outer mostcircumferential wall being congruent with the outer most circumferentialwall of said first length; c. joining said first and second lengths atthe respective end mating surfaces; d. pre-bending, as required, thejoined lengths at predetermined locations longitudinally spaced from thejoined mating surfaces to an approximate final shape; e. hydroformingthe approximate final shape to a final shape.
 5. The method ofmanufacturing a multi-section support rail apparatus defined in claim 4further comprising the step of: f. trimming said flange to a specificlocation longitudinally displaced from the joined mating surfaces. 6.The method of manufacturing a multi-section support rail apparatusdefined in claim 4 further comprising the step of: g. retaining thethickness and length of the central transverse web during thehydroforming process.